Pipe Schedule Chart
Look up the dimensions of standard pipe from 1/8" to 24" NPS in every common schedule, from 5S and 10S to Sch 160 and XXS. Pick a size and schedule to get the outside diameter, wall thickness, inside diameter, weight per foot, flow area and volume, plus full charts for that size and that schedule.
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How to use the Pipe Schedule Chart
- Choose the nominal pipe size (NPS) from the list.
- Choose the schedule: Sch 40 and Sch 80 are the most common for steel and PVC.
- Pick the material to get the right weight per foot.
- Enter a length (optional) to get the total weight and how much the pipe holds.
- Scroll to the charts to compare all schedules of the size, or all sizes of the schedule, and download them as CSV.
Common pipe sizes: Schedule 40 and 80
| NPS | OD (in) | Sch 40 wall | Sch 40 ID | Sch 80 wall | Sch 80 ID |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1/2" | 0.840 | 0.109 | 0.622 | 0.147 | 0.546 |
| 3/4" | 1.050 | 0.113 | 0.824 | 0.154 | 0.742 |
| 1" | 1.315 | 0.133 | 1.049 | 0.179 | 0.957 |
| 1-1/2" | 1.900 | 0.145 | 1.610 | 0.200 | 1.500 |
| 2" | 2.375 | 0.154 | 2.067 | 0.218 | 1.939 |
| 3" | 3.500 | 0.216 | 3.068 | 0.300 | 2.900 |
| 4" | 4.500 | 0.237 | 4.026 | 0.337 | 3.826 |
| 6" | 6.625 | 0.280 | 6.065 | 0.432 | 5.761 |
| 8" | 8.625 | 0.322 | 7.981 | 0.500 | 7.625 |
| 10" | 10.750 | 0.365 | 10.020 | 0.594 | 9.562 |
| 12" | 12.750 | 0.406 | 11.938 | 0.688 | 11.374 |
Dimensions follow ASME B36.10M (welded and seamless wrought steel pipe) and ASME B36.19M (stainless, S schedules). Walls are nominal; mill tolerance allows the actual wall to be up to 12.5% thinner.
Formulas used
- Inside diameter: ID = OD − 2t
- Flow area: A = π ÷ 4 × ID²
- Volume: gal/ft = A (in²) × 12 ÷ 231 = 0.0408 × ID²; L/m = A (cm²) ÷ 10
- Steel weight: lb/ft = 10.69 × (OD − t) × t; kg/m = 0.0246615 × (OD − t) × t with mm
- Water weight: lb/ft = 0.3403 × ID² (at 62.4 lb/ft³)
Choosing a schedule
- Sch 40 / STD is the default for water, air, and general process lines at moderate pressure.
- Sch 80 / XS is used for higher pressure, threaded connections (threads remove wall) and where corrosion allowance is needed.
- Sch 5S and 10S thin-wall stainless pipe saves weight and cost in low-pressure, corrosion-resistant systems that are welded or roll-grooved.
- Sch 160 and XXS are for very high pressures, such as small-bore hydraulic and steam lines.
- Pressure rating depends on material, temperature, joint type and the applicable code (for example ASME B31.3); always check with the code formula, not the schedule alone.
Frequently asked questions
What does pipe schedule mean?
The schedule number sets the wall thickness of a pipe for a given nominal size. The outside diameter stays the same for every schedule of one NPS, so a higher schedule means a thicker wall, a smaller inside diameter and a higher pressure rating.
What are the dimensions of 2 inch Schedule 40 pipe?
2" Sch 40 pipe has an outside diameter of 2.375 in (60.3 mm), a wall of 0.154 in (3.91 mm) and an inside diameter of 2.067 in (52.5 mm). Carbon steel weighs about 3.65 lb/ft, and it holds about 0.174 gallons per foot.
Why is a 1 inch pipe not 1 inch in diameter?
From 1/8" to 12" the nominal pipe size is a historical label that roughly matched the inside diameter of early pipe. The outside diameter is fixed (1.315 in for 1" NPS) so fittings always fit, and the bore changes with the schedule. From 14" up, NPS equals the outside diameter.
What is the difference between Sch 40 and STD, or Sch 80 and XS?
For sizes up to 10", Sch 40 and STD (standard weight) have the same wall, as do Sch 80 and XS (extra strong). From 12" up, STD stays at 0.375 in and XS at 0.500 in, while Sch 40 and Sch 80 keep getting thicker.
What is the difference between Sch 10 and Sch 10S?
The S schedules (5S, 10S, 40S, 80S) come from ASME B36.19 for stainless steel pipe. Sch 10S equals Sch 10 up to 12" but is thinner from 14" up (for example 0.188 in vs 0.250 in at 14"). 40S and 80S match Sch 40 and 80 up to 10" and 8" respectively.
How is pipe weight per foot calculated?
For carbon steel, ASME uses W = 10.69 × (OD − t) × t in lb/ft with OD and wall t in inches. This equals the metal area times 12 inches times the steel density of 0.2836 lb/in³. Other materials scale with density: stainless is about 2% heavier, aluminum about 66% lighter.
Does PVC pipe use the same sizes?
Yes, Schedule 40 and 80 PVC and CPVC pipe (ASTM D1785 and F441) share the outside diameters and minimum wall thicknesses of steel pipe, so the ID and volume are the same. They weigh much less and have far lower pressure ratings, which also drop with temperature.
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