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G-Force Calculator
Find how many g a turn, launch or stop produces. Enter speed and radius, a speed change and its time, or an acceleration, and see the g-force, the felt g with gravity included and your apparent weight.
Last updated:
Calculate g-force from
Radius of the curve or loop
Shows the force and apparent weight
Combines the horizontal g with gravity acting downward
Enter your values to see the result.
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How to use the G-Force Calculator
- Choose the method: turning, speed change, or known acceleration.
- Enter your values and pick units; results update as you type.
- Tick 'Add Earth's 1 g' to see the total g a person actually feels.
- Add a body mass to see the force and apparent weight.
- Compare with the speed or time table and chart below.
G-force formulas
- Turning or looping: a = v² / r, then n = a / 9.80665
- Speeding up or braking: a = |v − v₀| / t, then n = a / 9.80665
- Felt g including gravity (horizontal acceleration): nfelt = √(1 + n²)
- Bank angle for a level turn: θ = arctan(n), and the load factor is 1 / cos θ
Example: a roller coaster runs through the bottom of a loop at 25 m/s with a 12 m radius. a = 25² / 12 = 52.1 m/s², which is 5.3 g of centripetal acceleration. At the bottom of a vertical loop gravity adds directly, so riders feel about 6.3 g there; the felt-g option in this tool assumes a horizontal turn, where gravity acts at right angles.
Typical g-forces
| Situation | Approximate g |
|---|---|
| Passenger car, gentle acceleration | 0.1–0.3 g |
| Emergency braking, dry road | 0.7–1.0 g |
| Street car on a skidpad (cornering limit) | 0.8–1.1 g |
| Passenger jet takeoff roll | about 0.3 g |
| Roller coaster, strongest moments | 3–5 g |
| Space shuttle launch (maximum) | about 3 g |
| Aerobatic or fighter aircraft, hard turn | 6–9 g |
Tips for accurate results
- Use the radius of the path the vehicle actually follows, not the road width or the lane edge.
- The Δv/t method gives the average g; real peaks during a crash or a hard launch are often two or more times higher.
- Doubling speed in the same curve multiplies the g-force by four, because speed is squared.
Frequently asked questions
How do you calculate g-force?
Divide the acceleration in m/s² by standard gravity, 9.80665 m/s². For a turn the acceleration is v²/r, and for a speed change it is Δv/t. For example 29.4 m/s² is 29.4 / 9.80665 ≈ 3 g.
How many g is a car turn?
Use a = v²/r. At 100 km/h (27.8 m/s) on a 50 m radius curve, a = 27.8² / 50 ≈ 15.4 m/s², about 1.57 g, which is beyond the grip of most road tyres (roughly 0.8–1.0 g on dry pavement).
What is the difference between lateral g and felt g?
Lateral g is the horizontal acceleration alone. A person also feels gravity pulling down at 1 g, so the total felt load is √(1 + n²). A 1 g level turn therefore feels like about 1.41 g, and a 60° banked level turn (1.73 g sideways) gives the familiar 2 g load factor.
How many g does a sports car pull from 0 to 60 mph?
60 mph is 26.82 m/s. Doing it in 3 seconds averages 8.94 m/s², about 0.91 g. In 6 seconds it is about 0.46 g.
Is g-force the same as acceleration?
Yes, it is acceleration expressed as a multiple of standard gravity. 1 g = 9.80665 m/s² = 32.174 ft/s². It is not a force, even though it is usually called one.
How many g can a person handle?
It depends strongly on direction and duration. Seated people commonly handle 3–5 g briefly; trained pilots with anti-g suits sustain around 9 g for seconds. Very short impacts can reach much higher peaks. This calculator gives physics values, not safety limits.
Are all the tools on FreeToolCabin tested for quality and accuracy?
Yes! Every tool on our site undergoes automated Q/A testing in real browser environments to ensure high precision, correct output, and zero errors. If you happen to spot a bug or have a suggestion, please contact us at [email protected] and our team will review it right away.
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