Type a noun, or a whole list with one word per line, and get its plural or singular form instantly. The generator knows irregular plurals (child → children), Latin and Greek forms (cactus → cacti, analysis → analyses), uncountable nouns and compound words, and shows the rule behind every answer.
Last updated:
Convert
e.g. 1 → “1 child”, 3 → “3 children”
Enter your values to see the result.
Advertisement
Advertisement
How to use the Plural Generator
Choose the direction: singular → plural or plural → singular.
Type or paste words, one per line.
Optionally enter a count to get “2 boxes” style phrases.
Read the table for the rule and any alternative plural.
Click Copy results to copy the converted list.
English plural rules
Ending
Rule
Examples
most nouns
add -s
cat → cats, book → books
-s, -ss, -x, -z, -ch, -sh
add -es
bus → buses, box → boxes, church → churches
short vowel + z
double the z, add -es
quiz → quizzes, fez → fezzes
consonant + y
y → -ies
city → cities, baby → babies
vowel + y
add -s
day → days, toy → toys
-f, -fe (some)
→ -ves
knife → knives, leaf → leaves
-o (some)
add -es
potato → potatoes, hero → heroes
-is (Greek)
→ -es
analysis → analyses, crisis → crises
-us (Latin)
→ -i
cactus → cacti, fungus → fungi
-um (Latin)
→ -a
bacterium → bacteria, datum → data
-on (Greek)
→ -a
criterion → criteria, phenomenon → phenomena
-ix, -ex
→ -ices
matrix → matrices, index → indices
compounds
pluralize the main noun
mother-in-law → mothers-in-law
Common irregular plurals
man → men · woman → women · child → children · person → people · tooth → teeth · foot → feet · mouse → mice · goose → geese · ox → oxen · die → dice · louse → lice. Same in both forms: sheep, deer, fish, moose, series, species, aircraft.
Frequently asked questions
How do you make most English nouns plural?
Add -s (cat → cats). Add -es after s, x, z, ch and sh (box → boxes, church → churches). Change consonant + y to -ies (city → cities), but keep the y after a vowel (day → days).
What are irregular plurals?
Nouns that do not follow the spelling rules, mostly from Old English: man → men, woman → women, child → children, tooth → teeth, foot → feet, mouse → mice, goose → geese, person → people, ox → oxen.
Which nouns ending in -f or -fe change to -ves?
A fixed group: knife, wife, life, leaf, loaf, thief, shelf, half, calf, wolf, self, elf and sheaf, plus scarf, hoof, dwarf and wharf, which also accept -s. Many others just add -s: roof, chief, belief, cliff, proof, chef, safe.
When does a word ending in -o take -es?
Only a short list of common words: potato, tomato, hero, echo, veto, torpedo, embargo and domino, with mosquito, tornado, volcano and mango accepting either. Most -o words, including all those with a vowel before the o (radio, zoo) and short forms (photo, piano), just add -s.
What is the plural of cactus, octopus and index?
Cactus → cacti or cactuses; octopus → octopuses (octopi is common but octopus is from Greek, so octopuses is the most accepted); index → indices in maths and indexes for books. Tick “prefer the everyday English form” to get the -es version.
Which nouns have no plural?
Uncountable (mass) nouns such as information, advice, furniture, luggage, equipment and news, and animals like sheep, deer, fish, moose and salmon, which keep the same form. Some words, such as series and species, are the same in singular and plural.
Why might the singular form be wrong for some words?
Some plurals have more than one possible singular: axes can be axis or axe, bases can be basis or base. The tool picks the more common one and notes the alternative.
Are all the tools on FreeToolCabin tested for quality and accuracy?
Yes! Every tool on our site undergoes automated Q/A testing in real browser environments to ensure high precision, correct output, and zero errors. If you happen to spot a bug or have a suggestion, please contact us at [email protected] and our team will review it right away.